Diabetes is a disorder of glucose metabolism associated with the inability of the body to utilize glucose (sole source) for energy production. The hormone ‘insulin’ is responsible for ensuring the utilization of glucose through a cascade of biochemical event in the cells.
This disorder in glucose metabolism can cause serious or life-threaten health problems.
Insulin is produced by the β-cells of the pancreas. The pancreas is a heterocrine gland because it has endocrine and a digestive exocrine function. As an endocrine gland, it functions mostly to regulate blood sugar levels, secreting the hormones insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. As a part of the digestive system, it functions as an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic juice into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct.
There are several factors that causes diabetes. This spans to genetic factors, environmental factors, behavioral factors and predisposition to other diseases such cardiovascular diseases.
There are three main types of diabetes: Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational diabetes
-Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the β-cells of the pancreas are attacked by one’s antibodies (one of the Immune cell protein of the immune system). This damage the organ and thus insulin is not produced
-Type 1 diabetes are dependent on genetic makeup of the individual.
-Studies have shown that health problems that can come with Type 1 diabetes occur because of damage to tiny blood vessels in the eyes (diabetic retinopathy), nerves (diabetic neuropathy) and kidneys (diabetic nephropathy).
-People with Type 1 diabetes are also at a greater risk of heart attack and stroke (types of cardiovascular diseases.)
-Treatments for Type 1 diabetes is insulin injection
Type 2 diabetes also called insulin-independent because the cells of the pancreas produces insulin that is not enough or that is enough and the body doesn’t make us of it. This cause insulin resistance in the adipose tissue, liver and muscle cells of the body.
-It is common in children and teenagers over 20 years because they tend to be Obese or overweight.
-Studies have shown that people who are obese have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes as too much fat often causes insulin resistance.
-With diabetes, other health complications such as heart attack and stroke can follow.
-Treatment of Type 2 diabetes involves maintaining a healthy weight, healthy diets (avoid junks and include more proteins, vegetables and vitamins)
Gestational diabetes occurs when insulin resistance develops during pregnancy.
-This can affect the both the mother but most especially the baby’s growth and development as harmful metabolites resulting from insulin resistance might cross through the placenta into the baby’s system. The baby might also have a higher risk of diabetes later in life
-Medical report shows that’s gestational diabetes develops in 2% to 10% of pregnancies and up to 10% of women who have gestational diabetes are likely to develop Type 2 diabetes later in life.
-Treatment of Gestational diabetes involves a healthy diet, daily exercise, and insulin injection if necessary.
There is no cure for diabetes. But with treatment and lifestyle changes, one can live a long and healthy life.
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/types-of-diabetes-mellitus#1
There are three main types of diabetes: Type 1, Type 2 and Gestational diabetes
-Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition in which the β-cells of the pancreas are attacked by one’s antibodies (one of the Immune cell protein of the immune system). This damage the organ and thus insulin is not produced
-Type 1 diabetes are dependent on genetic makeup of the individual.
-Studies have shown that health problems that can come with Type 1 diabetes occur because of damage to tiny blood vessels in the eyes (diabetic retinopathy), nerves (diabetic neuropathy) and kidneys (diabetic nephropathy).
-People with Type 1 diabetes are also at a greater risk of heart attack and stroke (types of cardiovascular diseases.)
-Treatments for Type 1 diabetes is insulin injection
Type 2 diabetes also called insulin-independent because the cells of the pancreas produces insulin that is not enough or that is enough and the body doesn’t make us of it. This cause insulin resistance in the adipose tissue, liver and muscle cells of the body.
-It is common in children and teenagers over 20 years because they tend to be Obese or overweight.
-Studies have shown that people who are obese have a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes as too much fat often causes insulin resistance.
-With diabetes, other health complications such as heart attack and stroke can follow.
-Treatment of Type 2 diabetes involves maintaining a healthy weight, healthy diets (avoid junks and include more proteins, vegetables and vitamins)
Gestational diabetes occurs when insulin resistance develops during pregnancy.
-This can affect the both the mother but most especially the baby’s growth and development as harmful metabolites resulting from insulin resistance might cross through the placenta into the baby’s system. The baby might also have a higher risk of diabetes later in life
-Medical report shows that’s gestational diabetes develops in 2% to 10% of pregnancies and up to 10% of women who have gestational diabetes are likely to develop Type 2 diabetes later in life.
-Treatment of Gestational diabetes involves a healthy diet, daily exercise, and insulin injection if necessary.
There is no cure for diabetes. But with treatment and lifestyle changes, one can live a long and healthy life.
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/types-of-diabetes-mellitus#1
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